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Psyche, Psychosophy and the Human Soul

An outline of the theoretical basis for an Anthroposophically oriented Psychology

Yehuda Tagar (1995) and revised in 2004

The term Psychosophy was created by Rudolf Steiner in a cycle of lectures held in Berlin, in

November 1910. It was intended as the foundation for an anthroposophically based psychology,

to be studied in context with the other two cycles of lectures which made up a total of 12 lectures

in this series: Anthroposophie (Oct. 1909), Psychosophie (Nov. 1910) and Pneumatosophie (Dec.

1911).

The first four lectures on ‘Anthroposophy’ provide an understanding of the human soul in

relation to the activity of sensing and to the subtle processes that structure and form the human

body. The lectures on ‘Psychosophy’ describe what we can know of the human soul on the basis

of direct observation of oneself and others, while the lectures on ‘Pneumatosophy’ portray the

relationship of soul life to spirit life, particularly with how to awaken individual spirit life and

how to discern between illusory and genuine spiritual experiences. (Sardello, 1999, p.vii)

Psychophonetics (Philophonetics- Counselling) is applied Psychosophy, and is a methodology of

phenomenological observation of the human soul and speaking from soul, through the language

of experience which has been developed as the ‘literacy of experience’.

Any modality of healing, therapy and help addressing the needs of the human psyche and soul,

that is based on anthroposophy, could be included within the area covered by psychosophy. Any

practitioner who has qualified to be a counsellor, psychologist or psychiatrist through

professional training in these fields and whose work is based on anthroposophy, as working from

soul, could be recognised as a practitioner of psychosophy.

A modality of counselling, psychotherapy and psychology can be said to be based on

anthroposophy when

a) the following aspects are included, and are compatible with its fundamental approach to

the human being and

b) whose practices are compatible with the following principles.

Model of Human Nature

The human being constitutes and is a member of at least four levels of existence:

1) Physical - mineral kingdom,

2) Life - plant kingdom,

3) Sentient - animal kingdom, and

4) Self-aware consciousness - human kingdom.

The human psyche can only be understood, approached and treated in a wholesome way

when regarded as living between and throughout a human body and a human spirit.

The human soul, a term basically compatible with the term psyche, covers all the

conscious activities of the human being - mainly perception, feeling, willing and

thinking, and their various overlaps and combinations.

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The human soul extends like a rainbow into the subconscious dimension where it is being

gradually absorbed into the dynamics of the body, and also into the super-conscious

dimension where it is gradually permeated by the inherent dynamics of the spiritual

dimension of reality. Elements of both these dimensions are working into the human soul

which gradually, as it unfolds in time, grows to incorporate more and more of them into

the sphere of its experience.

The Human Body incorporates at least three dimensions of existence:

1. Physical or mineral dimension;

2. Life dynamics, formative-forces or etheric dimension;

3. Sentient, perceptive, instinctive or astral dimension.

The human spirit is regarded in Anthroposophy as the core of one's personality, the

permanent element in consciousness, cognition, biography and memory, and is usually

designated as the individual ‘I Am’.

The Spiritual Dimension of Reality

The spiritual dimension of manifest reality is recognised as the reality within manifestation. It is

the dimension of meaning which is inherent in manifest reality. It can be conceived by human

perceptive and cognitive activities, because these activities are likewise spiritual in nature.

Theory of knowledge

The fundamental commonality between the nature of the meaning inherent in manifest reality

and the nature of the meaning experienced in the human psyche enables a thinking which is

capable of grasping reality, and naming knowledge.

Human Development

A spiritual dimension in the sense defined before, underlies human biography, which is

regarded as the manifest dimension of an inherent potential, imbued with purpose,

intention and character. That fundamental potential precedes conception.

Human beings carry an inborn desire and capacity to unfold their spiritual potential and

to enable other human beings as well as the rest of creation to do the same.

Human beings are fundamentally equipped for the journey of their life and education,

healing and therapy can support in accessing that inner equipment.

Conditions of difficulties, sickness, complaints and crisis with which people usually ask

for professional help are fundamentally regarded as opportunities for taking a step in

unfolding human potential.

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Ethics of Freedom in Counselling and Therapy

The meaning of the experience of the individual is to be determined by that individual

alone, who is, from beginning to end the only authority regarding that meaning.

Any conscious action by human beings is to be of service for the unfolding of one's

potential, and when taken freely, with a choice, enables one to take responsibility for the

consequences of own actions.

The Role of the Practitioner

It is based on meeting in the spirit of teamwork, with the client being in charge of the

direction and meaning of the process.

The meaning of the experience and choices of action are not to be determined by the

practitioner's interpretation, belief, external "reading" (based on sources of information

other than the client's conscious expression), or advice, but by a common picture which is

evolved between the client and practitioner.

The practitioner provides possibilities for the developmental and therapeutic process,

through speaking from soul.

The purpose of the interaction is to facilitate the development of the client's

consciousness to embrace their experience and to take self-initiated actions regarding that

experience.

BIBLIOGRAPHY regarding Psychosophy (directly and indirectly)

Main References on Psychosophy

Steiner, R. (1999). A Psychology of Body, Soul and Spirit: Anthroposophy, Psychosophy &

Pneumatosophy. Twelve lectures (1909-1911). Republished. NY: Anthroposophic Press.

Steiner, R. (1996). Anthroposophy (A Fragment): A new foundation for the study of human nature. NY:

Anthroposophic Press.

Other References

Konig, K. (1973). The human soul. NY: Anthroposophic Press.

Kuhlewind, G. (1988). From normal to healthy: Paths to the liberation of consciousness. NY:

Anthroposophic Press.

Kuhlewind, G. (1990). The life of the soul between subconsciousness and supraconsciousness: Elements

of a spiritual psychology. NY: Lindisfarne Press.

Lievegoed, B. (1979). Phases. Crisis and development in the individual. London: Rudolf SteinerPress.

Sardello, R. (2004). Facing the world with soul. NY: Lindisfarne Press.

Sardello, R. (1999). Freeing the soul from fear. NY: Riverhead Books.

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Sardello, R. (2001). Love and the world: A guide to conscious soul practice. USA: Lindisfarne Press.

Soesman, A. (1998). Our twelve senses: Wellsprings of the soul. UK: Hawthorn Press.

Steiner, R. (1996). The Foundations of human experience. NY: Anthroposophic Press.

Steiner, R. (1990). Psychoanalysis and spiritual psychology. NY: Anthroposophic Press.

Steiner, R. (1990). Toward imagination: Culture and the individual. NY: Anthroposophic Press.

Steiner, R. (1970). Theosophy.Chapter 1, The essential nature of the human being. NY:

Anthroposophic Press.

Steiner, R. (1988). The science of knowing: Based on Goethe world conception. NY: Anthroposophical

Press. (formerly A Theory of Knowledge)

Steiner, R. & Wegman, I. (1983). Fundamentals of Therapy. London: Rudolf Steiner Press.

Steiner, R. (1983) Metamorphosis of the soul. Vol. 1. London: Rudolf Steiner Press.

Steiner, R. (1983). Metamorphosis of the soul. Vol. 2. London: Rudolf Steiner Press.

Treichler, R. (1989). Soulways. The Developing Soul-Life Phases, Thresholds and Biography. UK:

Hawthorn Press.

Van Emmichoven, Z. The anthroposophical understanding of the soul. NY: Anthroposophic Press.

Wehr, G. (2003). Jung & Steiner: The birth of a new psychology. NY: Anthroposophic Press.

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